Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Original Articles

Experiencing Coercive Control in Female Victims of Dating Violence: Jinsook Kwon, Sihyun Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(1):46-58. Published online February 28, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.1.46

Background

Dating violence refers to violence occurring between people in an intimate relationship. Forms of dating violence are often categorized into physical, psychological, and sexual violence, and most existing literature has followed this frame. However, few studies have focused on the phenomenon of living under the perpetrator's coercive control in victims of dating violence, although those experiences are known to be signs of severe forms of violence later on.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of being coercively controlled in female victims who had experienced dating violence.

Methods

For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 14 female victims, and all interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed using the phenomenological analysis method suggested by Colaizzi.

Results

Three themes were derived in chronological order: idealizing the relationship (period of potential control), facing severer tyranny (period of coercive control), and escaping from the unending trap (period of post-control). The results showed that the victims experienced perpetrators' control with specific patterns. The perpetrators' controlling behaviors were invisible, literally benevolent, at the beginning; however, severe forms of violence seemed to appear as their relationship deepened and the perpetrators failed to control the victims.

Conclusion

Findings from this study presented vivid experiences of female victims who needed help and care. Hopefully, the results can benefit in terms of developing evidence-based prevention strategies for victims as well as assessing the risks of severe forms of dating violence, such as physical attack or murder.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Emerging Adults’ Experiences of Dating Violence: A Qualitative Exploration
Beatriz Víllora, María Jesús Cava, Sofía Buelga, Raúl Navarro
Victims & Offenders.2025; 20(1): 65. CrossRef
Implementing expressive writing therapy in a virtual setting: A feasibility trial for survivors of intimate partner violence
Sihyun Park, Yejung Ko
The Arts in Psychotherapy.2024; 90: 102197. CrossRef
Development and Validation of the Bystander Engagement Scale for Witnessed Intimate Partner Violence: A South Korean Version
Sihyun Park, Yejung Ko
Journal of Interpersonal Violence.2024; 39(13-14): 2959. CrossRef
Development and Initial Validation of a Scale to Measure Social Abuse in Intimate Partner Relationships
Sihyun Park, Hyunji Woo, Kader Tekkas-Kerman
Journal of Interpersonal Violence.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Social marketing program for dating violence bystander intervention on university campus: analyzing its effectiveness and sociocultural feasibility
Sihyun Park, Yejung Ko
Journal of American College Health.2023; 71(8): 2319. CrossRef
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials for Intimate Partner Violence: The Effects of the Programs Based on Their Purposes
Sihyun Park, Sin-Hyang Kim
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse.2023; 24(4): 2115. CrossRef
Social Abuse in Intimate Partner Relationships: A Hybrid Concept Analysis
Sihyun Park, Jaehee Jeon
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse.2022; 23(5): 1599. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Coping Behaviors of Abused Women: Findings from the 2016 Domestic Violence Survey
Youngran Han, Heejung Kim, Nawon An
Healthcare.2022; 10(4): 622. CrossRef
A mixed‐method pilot study to test a program for friend‐supporters of victims of dating violence
Sihyun Park, Sin‐Hyang Kim
Journal of Community Psychology.2021; 49(5): 1153. CrossRef
“This Society Ignores Our Victimization”: Understanding the Experiences of Korean Male Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Sihyun Park, Su-Hyang Bang, Jaehee Jeon
Journal of Interpersonal Violence.2021; 36(23-24): 11658. CrossRef
Victims of Intimate Partner Violence in South Korea: Experiences in Seeking Help Based on Support Selection
Sihyun Park, Yejung Ko
Violence Against Women.2021; 27(3-4): 320. CrossRef
An integrative literature review on intimate partner violence against women in South Korea
Hye Young Min, Jung Min Lee, Yoonjung Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2020; 26(4): 260. CrossRef

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Gender Difference in Delinquent Behavior among Korean Adolescents: Hyun Sil Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(4):492-505. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.4.492

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This paper examined gender differences in a rate, type, relevant variables of delinquent behavior, and a gender differences regarding the relative influence of family,personality, academic achievement, sexual abuse and alcohol drug abuse on delinquent behavior among Korean adolescents. METHOD: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires. Subjects consisted of 2,100 adolescents (male 1,396, female 704) in Korea, using proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods were Chi-square, t-test and path analysis. RESULT: Male adolescents had higher rate of delinquent behavior, and more all types of delinquent behavior (antisocial, aggressive, and psychopathic) than female. Male adolescents showed more dysfunctional family dynamic environments, higher antisocial personality and sociability than female adolescents. Female adolescents had higher depressive tendencies than male. The most powerful contributing variables on male delinquent behavior were age, antisocial personality, parent-child relationship, isolation feelings, and sexual abuse in this order named. Drug abuse, isolation feelings, antisocial personality and parent-child relationship tended to be contributing variables for female delinquent behaviors in this order named. CONCLUSION: This investigation will provides a foundation for theory that addresses the complexities of both gender-specific and gender influences on delinquent behavior and development of preventive strategies for female delinquency.

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Adolescents' Attachments to Parents, Teachers, and Friends, and Delinquencies
Ju-Rhee Lee
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2008; 17(4): 563. CrossRef
HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, Related Behaviors, and Sources of Information Among Korean Adolescents
Hyera Yoo, Sun Hae Lee, Bo Eun Kwon, Sulki Chung, Sanghee Kim
Journal of School Health.2005; 75(10): 393. CrossRef

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Development of Korean Gender Role Identity Inventory: Byung Sook Lee, Myung Ae Kim, Hyo Jung Koh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(3):373-383. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.3.373

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was performed to develope a scale of gender role identity in Korean adults based on the Bem's theory of androgyny. Although there were several tools in Korea, they were revealed having some problems of cultural differences, translation biases, and methodological problems. METHODS: A list of 78 items were developed using the existing tools and descriptions from 5 married couples. The items were the typical personality characteristics which were manifested by gender, male or female. And the list contained several items which were the socially desirable personality characteristics. which would be simply used as contextual items. Validity of the 78 items were screened by 18 expert panels with 4 point Likert scale, and 57 items were judged as highly valid from 70% of the experts, which were selected as preliminary items for the tool. Using the preliminary tool which was developed as a 4 point Likert scale, data were collected from 1,127 subjects for item analysis and factor analysis. 53 items were remained, because 4 items whose item-total correlation were lower than 0.2 were excluded by the result of item analysis. Factor analysis was done with the 53 items, and 49 items whose factor loadings were same and higher than 0.4 were remained. 3 factors were identified with eigen value 2.0, and these factors were named as masculinity, femininity, and social desirability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: KGRII(Korean Gender Role Identity Inventory) which contained 45 items was developed, with 15 items for 3 factors. The reliability of the tool was very high. Cronbach alpha of the tool was 0.929, and alpha of the subscales were ranged from 0.841 to 0.922.

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Tae-Wan Kim
Fire Science and Engineering.2021; 35(2): 92. CrossRef
Weight control behavior in women college students and factors influencing behavior
Hyun-Young Yang, Young-Soon Byeon
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2012; 19(2): 190. CrossRef
A Study on Gender-role Identity and Cyber Delinquency in High School Students.
Jong Hwa Lee, Kyung Hee Kim, Mi Hye Choi, Hee Young Kim, Geum Sook Oh, Ki Sook Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2010; 19(1): 76. CrossRef

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Relationships Between Sex Role Identity, Health Promoting Behaviors, and Premenstrual Symptoms Among Female University Students: Hae Won Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):1003-1012. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.1003

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The role of sex role identity types and health promoting behaviors in relation to premenstrual symptoms and interrelatedness among the three variables were examined. METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study was employed with 327 female university students. KSRI, HPLP, and MDQ were used as measurement tools. RESULTS: Four types of sex role identities were classified; undifferentiated(33.7%), androgyny (32.7%), masculinity(16.8%), and femininity(16.8%) in order. Premenstrual symptoms(F=3.11, p= .027) and health promoting behaviors(F=12.74, p= .000) were significantly different by sex role identity types. As determinants of premenstrual symptoms, health promoting behaviors for all subjects, stress coping for the feminine type, and interpersonal relationships for the undifferentiated type were identified. In discriminating between the feminine type and undifferentiated type, premenstrual symptoms and self responsibility were shown as significant factors. CONCLUSION: Interrelatedness among sex role identity, health promoting behaviors and premenstrual symptoms imply the importance of a psychosocial aspect in premenstrual symptoms. Therefore, these three variables should be applied more specifically for nursing assessment and management of women having premenstrual symptoms.

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Relationship between Life Style, Menstrual Distress and Coping Method in Nursing Students
Yoon-Goo Noh, Young-Sook Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(2): 1118. CrossRef
Types of Gender Role Identity in Nursing Students: A Q Methodological Study
Euna Park, Sung Hee Ko
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 236. CrossRef
Relationships among Premenstrual Syndrome, Perfection and Anxiety among the College Student
Hye Seon Choi, Eun Dong Lee, Hye Young Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(4): 265. CrossRef
Menstrual Attitudes and Maternal Child Rearing Attitudes in Middle School Female Students
Kyoung Ja Hong, Hae Won Kim, Hye Young Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 748. CrossRef

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Predictors of Suicidal Ideation for Adolescents by Gender: Hyun Sook Park, Hyun Young Koo, Karen G Schepp; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(8):1433-1442. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.8.1433

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the differences in suicidal ideation and psychological variables by gender, 2) compare the contribution of demographic-behavioral variables and psychosocial variables in explaining the variance in suicidal ideation, and 3) identify the most important predictors of suicidal ideation for male adolescents and female adolescents.

Methods

The subjects consisted of 271 male adolescents and 230 female adolescents. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, which were constructed to include SSI-C, DEP subscale of the SCL-90-R, PACI, and SWLS. The data were analyzed by the SPSS/WIN program.

Results

Suicidal ideation differed by gender. Depression and family communication differed by gender. The unique contribution of demographic-behavioral variables and psychosocial variables in explaining the variance in suicidal ideation differed between male adolescents and female adolescents. The significant predictors of suicidal ideation for male adolescents were life satisfaction, depression, and family communication, explaining 28% of the variance in suicidal ideation. The significant predictors of suicidal ideation for female adolescents were depression, smoking, and life satisfaction, explaining 38% of the variance in suicidal ideation.

Conclusion

The findings of this study suggest that the approach to effective suicide prevention program for adolescents should consider gender differences.

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Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(4): 344. CrossRef
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Hun Soo Kim, Hyun Sil Kim
Child Psychiatry and Human Development.2008; 39(3): 221. CrossRef
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Lutz Goldbeck, Tim G. Schmitz, Tanja Besier, Peter Herschbach, Gerhard Henrich
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Fall Prediction Model for Community-dwelling Elders based on Gender: Eun Suk Yun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(6):810-818. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.810

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to explore factors relating to number of falls among community-dwelling elders, based on gender.

Methods

Participants were 403 older community dwellers (male=206, female=197) aged 60 or above. In this study, 8 variables were identified as predictive factors that can result in an elderly person falling and as such, supports previous studies. The 8 variables were categorized as, exogenous variables; perceived health status, somatization, depression, physical performance, and cognitive state, and endogenous variables; fear of falling, ADL & IADL and frequency of falls.

Results

For men, ability to perform ADL & IADL (β₃₂=1.84, p<.001) accounted for 16% of the variance in the number of falls. For women, fear of falling (β₃₁=0.14, p<.05) and ability to perform ADL & IADL (β₃₂=1.01, p<.001) significantly contributed to the number of falls, accounting for 15% of the variance in the number of falls.

Conclusion

The findings from this study confirm the gender-based fall prediction model as comprehensive in relation to community-dwelling elders. The fall prediction model can effectively contribute to future studies in developing fall prediction and intervention programs.

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Fear of falling and related factors during everyday activities in patients with chronic stroke
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Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(2): 111. CrossRef
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Cogent Medicine.2017; 4(1): 1367058. CrossRef
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Youngsil Kang, Sun Jae Jung
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Subjectivity of Nursing College Students' Awareness of Gender Equality: An Application of Q-methodology: Eun Ja Yeun, Hye Jin Kwon, Hyun Jeong Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(3):342-350. Published online June 29, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.342

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to identify the awareness of gender equality among nursing college students, and to provide basic data for educational solutions and desirable directions.

Methods

A Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. 34 selected Q-statements from each of 20 women nursing college students were classified into a shape of normal distribution using 9-point scale. Subjectivity on the equality among genders was analyzed by the pc-QUANL program.

Results

Four types of awareness of gender equality in nursing college students were identified. The name for type I was 'pursuit of androgyny', for type II, 'difference-recognition', for type III, 'human-relationship emphasis', and for type IV, 'social-system emphasis'.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs on gender equality are recommended for nursing college students based on the four types of gender equality awareness.

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Factors Affecting Gender Equality Consciousness of University Students : The Graduates of Social Welfare
Suk-Ja YOON, Eun-Kyung BYUN
JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(1): 90. CrossRef
Types of Gender Role Identity in Nursing Students: A Q Methodological Study
Euna Park, Sung Hee Ko
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 236. CrossRef
Perceptions on gender awareness and considerations in career choices of medical students in a medical school in Taiwan
Yueh‐Chin Chung, Ching‐Yi Lin, Chien‐Ning Huang, Jen‐Hung Yang
The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences.2013; 29(11): 629. CrossRef

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Influence of Age, Gender, and Severity on Recovery of Patients with Brain Injury: Hyun Soo Oh, Wha Sook Seo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;38(6):923-932. Published online December 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.6.923

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the individual and cross influences of age, gender, and severity on recovery of patients with brain injury.
Methods
For the purpose of the study, traumatic or spontaneous brain injury patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were conveniently selected. The data regarding outcomes were collected 3 months after admission.
Results
Individual influences of the study variables on patients' recovery were significant, except for gender. But while the individual influence of gender on recovery was not significant, cross influence of gender and age was significant, but only for the sub-dimension of 'arousalbility and awareness'. The study results also showed that 3-way cross influence of gender, age, and severity was only significant on the sub-dimension of 'arousalbility and awareness'.
Conclusion
The sub-dimension of recovery cross influenced by the demographic factors of gender and age, and severity was 'arousalbility and awareness'. This might indicate that the study variables that cross influencing recovery had more influence on consciousness compared to physical function and psycho-social adaptation.

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Factors explaining Quality of Life in Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease: In Sook Park, Rhayun Song, Sukhee Ahn, Hee Young So, Hyun Li Kim, Kyung Ok Joo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;38(6):866-873. Published online December 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.6.866

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The study was done to compare quality of life by gender, and to identify factors which explain quality of life in individuals with coronary artery disease.

Methods

For the survey, 91 individuals (53 men and 38 women) agreed to participate in the study. Cardiovascular risk factors, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, health behavior as well as quality of life, were measured. Descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS WIN 12.0 were used to analyze the data.

Results

Significant gender differences were found for education, smoking status, chronic disease, perceived health status, and quality of life within sub-dimensions. Hierarchical regression analysis showed gender (men), age, perceived health status, cardiovascular risk scores, and health behaviors together explained 40.2% (adjusted R²) of variance in quality of life.

Conclusion

As the factors explaining quality of life in individuals with coronary artery disease have been identified as gender (men), age, perceived health status, and health behaviors, health promotion programs designed for this population should focus on these factors for effective behavioral modification, and consequent improvement in quality of life.

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Relationships among Cybersex Addiction, Gender Egalitarianism, Sexual Attitude and the Allowance of Sexual Violence in Adolescents: Hyun Young Koo, Seong Sook Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(7):1202-1211. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.7.1202

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to investigate cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents, and to identify the relationships among these variables.

Method

The participants were 690 students from two middle schools and three high schools in Seoul. Data was collected through selfreport questionnaires which included a cybersex addiction index, a Korean gender egalitarianism scale for adolescents, a sexual attitude scale and a scale for the allowance of sexual violence. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program.

Results

Of the adolescents, 93.3% reported not being addicted to cybersex, 5.7% reported being mildly addicted, 0.4% moderately addicted, and 0.6% severely addicted. Cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were different according to general characteristics. Cybersex addiction of adolescents correlated with gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence.

Conclusion

Gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were influenced by cybersex addiction. Therefore, nursing interventions for prevention and management of cybersex addiction need to be developed and provided to adolescents. In addition, varied programs for teaching sexuality to adolescents should be developed and provided.

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Jae Woong Shim
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(6): 148. CrossRef
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