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Research Paper
Effects of a Cognitive Behavior Therapy Program for Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Kong, Kyoung Ran , Lee, Eun Nam
J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):347-362.   Published online June 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21025
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study developed a cognitive behavioral therapy program aimed at altering the physical condition, emotions, and behaviors of fibromyalgia patients, and confirmed the program’s clinical applicability. The program was developed by analyzing previous studies conducting in-depth interviews with fibromyalgia patients, drawing on cognitive behavior theory to establish the program contents, recruiting experts to test its validity, and conducting a preliminary survey.
Methods
To confirm the program’s effect, this study used a randomized controlled trial design. The participants were outpatients diagnosed with fibromyalgia in Dong-A University Hospital, Busan. The 30 patients in the experimental group took part in the program, which comprised 8 sessions (90 to 120 minutes) based on cognitive behavior theory, delivered over 8 weeks. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
The analysis revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in positive automatic thoughts, pain, fatigue, depression, and interpersonal relationships. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of sleep disorders and negative automatic thoughts.
Conclusion
This program is a positive effect on physical condition, emotions, and behaviors. It is thus expected to be used to help fibromyalgia patients improve their disease conditions.
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Original Articles
Effecting Factors on Depression in Patients with Fibromyalgia
Sang Sook Han, Sang Chul Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):87-94.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.87
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this research was to provide basic data in the control of depression found in patients with fibromyalgia by analysing the main factors that affect them.

Method

The subjects were 207 out-patients in three university medical centers diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the conditions by American College of Rheumatology (1990). Depression was measured by the CES-D Scale. Dependant variables, such as stress and anxiety were measured by the VAS Scale and physical activity was measured using 10(4-point-scale) questions developed by the researcher. The number of tender points was converted to scores based on the criteria of the ACR(1990) and of Yunus. Self-efficacy was measured by the Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Lorig et al.(1989) for arthritis patients.

Result

The main factors that affect depression of patients with fibromyalgia were self-efficacy, anxiety, physical activity, tender points fatigue, and family support, which explained 49% of the depression.

Conclusion

It has been confirmed that the regression equation model of this research may serve as a predictor of depression in patients with fibromyalgia.

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The Factors Influencing on Depression of Patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Ki Wol Sung, Im Hee Shin, Kyung Hee Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(5):609-617.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.5.609
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study is to understand the depression of patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome(FMS) and to identify the factors influencing depression.

Method

The instruments used here are Beck Depression Inventory in depression, the Korean Rheumatology Health Association' instruments in Self-Efficacy. Also, Pain and Fatigue was measured by Visual Graphic Rating Scale. The subject of study is 76 outpatients diagnosing FMS from rheumatism specialists at C hospital in D city. The data has been collected from Sep. lst to Sep. 30th in 2001. For the analysis of collected data, frequency analysis, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis with SAS statistical program.

Result

General characteristics showing statistically significant difference in depression were age, education, occupation, gender, exercise and sleep in the patients with FMS. Depression for the patients with FMS has negative correlation coefficients with Self-efficacy and ADL, and positive correlation coefficients with Pain and Fatigue. The suitable regression form resulting from the multiple regression analysis to investigate the influencing factors of depression for the partients with FMS was expressed by y = 50.067 - 0.278 χ1 + 1.320 χ2 ( χ1 : Self-Efficacy χ2 : Fatigue) and R2 = 0.427.

Conclusion

The factors influencing on depression of patients for FMS was Self-Efficacy, ADL, Pain, and Fatigue. Further study needs to be done identify methods of overcoming and presentation of depression in FMS.

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