Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Original Articles

A Study on the Development of the Korean Family Functioning Scale: In Sook Lee, Young Sook Park, Mi Soon Song, Eun Ok Lee, Hesook Suzie Kim, Youn Hwan Park, Kyong Won Choi, Young Ran Chin, Dae Hee Kim, Hyeon Sook Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(3):395-405. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.3.395

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop the instrument to measure family functioning for Korean family with a chronic ill child, and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. METHOD: The items of instrument were consisted based on researchers' previous study of concept analysis of the Korean family functioning. Twenty six item scale was developed with six domains. In order to test reliability and validity of the scale, data were collected from the 231 families, who have a child with a chronic illness. Data was collected between August and September in 2001 in a General Hospital in Seoul, Korea. RESULT: The results were as follows:As a result of the item analysis, 24 items were selected from the total of 26 items, excluding items with low correlation with total scale. Six factors were evolved by factor analysis. Six factors explained 61.4% of the total variance. The first factor 'Affective bonding' explained 15.4%, 2nd factor 'External relationship' 11.8%, 3rd factor 'Family norm' 10.5%, 4th factor 'Role and responsibilities' 8.3%, 5th factor ' Communication' 7.9%, and the 6th factor 'Financial resource' explained 7.3%. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of this scale was .87 and Guttman spilt- half coefficient was .84. CONCLUSION: The study support the reliability and validity of the scale. There were distinct differences in dimensions of family functioning scales developed in the U. S.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Factors influencing self-management behaviors in older people with multiple chronic conditions based on the individual and family self-management theory: A cross-sectional study
Youngji Seo, Sunyoung Jung
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(3): 332. CrossRef
Do spouse burden of care, family resilience, and coping affect family function in gynecologic cancer in Korea?: a cross-sectional study
Minkyung Kim, Sukhee Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(3): 197. CrossRef
Family functioning according to clusters of family management styles in Korean families of children with chronic atopic disease: A cross-sectional study
YeoJin Im, Sunyoung Jung
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2020; 109: 103674. CrossRef
Factors Related to Dementia Worry: Comparing Middle-Aged and Older Adults in South Korea
So Im Ryu, Yeon-Hwan Park
Research in Gerontological Nursing.2019; 12(6): 299. CrossRef
Development and Validation of Korea Midlife Family Resilience Scale(KMFRS)
Hea Rhan Park, Gwee-Yeon Jeon
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2014; 23(6): 1013. CrossRef
Infants' Temperament and Health Problems according to Maternal Postpartum Depression
Kyung-Sook Bang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(4): 444. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Social Isolation in Older Adults using Senior Welfare Centers
Yeon-Hwan Park, Hee Sun Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 712. CrossRef
To Holroyd E (2005) Commentary on Lee et al. (2004)
Insook Lee, Eun‐Ok Lee, Hesook Suzie Kim, Young Sook Park, Misoon Song, Youn Hwan Park
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2006; 15(5): 654. CrossRef

167 View
4 Download
8 Crossref

The Predictive Model of Adolescent Women's Depression: Young Joo Park, Hee Kyung Kim, Jung Nam Sohn, Suk Hee Cheon, Hyun Jung Shin, Young Nam Chung; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(4):829-840. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.4.829

Abstract PDF: This study was condicted to construct a hypothetical model of depression in Korean adolescent women and validate the fit of the model to the empiricla data. The data were collected from 345 high school girls in Seoul, from May 1 to June 30, 1998. The instruments were the Body Mass Index, Physical Satisfaction Scale, Family Adaptatibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III, Family Satisfaction Scale, CES-D and School Adaptation Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the pc-SAS program. The Linear Structural Relationship(LISREL) modeling process was used to find the best fit model which would predict the causal relationships among the variables. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate [X2=69.6(df=17, p=.000), GFI=0.95, AGFI=0.90, RMR=0.087, NNFI=0.86, NFI=0.90]. The predictable variables, especially menstrual symptoms, physical symptoms and family function, had a significant direct effect on depression, but school life adaptation did not have a significant direct effect. These variables explained 18.1% of the total variance.

115 View
0 Download

Model Development of Change of Family Functioning with Chronic Illness: Eun Ok Lee, He Sook Kim, Young Sook Park, Misoon Song, Insook Lee, Yeon Hwan Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(3):467-484. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.3.467

Abstract PDF

The main objectives of this study were to investigate the concept of family function from the perspective of the contemporary Korean family, and to construct model of change of family function whit chronic illness. The hybrid model approach was applied in which three phases(theoretical phase, empirical phase, and analytic phase) of concept development were explored for family functioning. The study was conducted from 1997 to 1998. In empirical phase, two groups of purposive samples were drawn : normal family group composed of six families without ill family member, and ill family group composed of seven families of which wives have rheumatoid arthritis. Only families with child(or children)in primary or secondary schools were included in the study. The results were as follows: In theoretical phase, six dimensions of family concept were emerged : affective, structural, control, cognitive, financial, and reproductive dimension. In order to analyze the Korean normal family function in middle class with middle-age women, financial and reproductive dimension were not included. In empirical phase, five dimensions(affective, structural, control, cognitive, and external relationship) were fond from the normal family data. External relationship dimension is very important factor as a resource of the support, especially when their parents or siblings had no help or support to them. In the affective dimension, Korean family emphasized harmony and balance rather than affective expression harmony and balance rather than affective expression between couples and between parents and children. They also showed common goals of the families to solve their problems to control the family members. The priority of the goals was getting into the higher education of their children or helping their unhealthy parents or family members. Six dimension(affective, structural, control, cognitive, external relationship, and financial) of family functions were emerged from the ill family data. From the analysis of ill family data, types of restructuring house chore after wives illness were developed : (a) negociated, (b) accomodated, and (c) isolated, enduring types. Although the dimensions of family functioning identified in this study are similar to the conceptualizations that exist in the western literature, there where distinct differences in the nature of major themes and subconcepts under these family function dimensions.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of the Japanese Version FFS (Family Functioning Scale): Reliability and Validity for Family on Child-Fostering Phase
Mitsuko Kanzaki, Chifumi Otaki, Kazue Maeda, Taeko Hori, Akemi Take, Hiroko Otsuka, Taeko Noguchi, Sumiko Maehara
Journal of Japan Academy of Nursing Science.2012; 32(1): 50. CrossRef
To Holroyd E (2005) Commentary on Lee et al. (2004)
Insook Lee, Eun‐Ok Lee, Hesook Suzie Kim, Young Sook Park, Misoon Song, Youn Hwan Park
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2006; 15(5): 654. CrossRef

115 View
1 Download
2 Crossref

Comparision of Group and Individual Social Support on Burden and Family Functioning in Families with Asthmatic Children: Hoa Yun Jun; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(2):418-428. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.2.418

Abstract PDF: The main purpose of this study was to identify the effects of group social support and individual social support on the reduction of burden and improvement in family functioning of families with asthmatic children. The design of this study was a randomized pre-posttest quasi-experimental design to compare the two experimental groups. The theoretical framework for this study was derived from the study of burden in family caregivers by Suh and Oh(1993) based on the main effect model of social support theories. The data were collected from February 12, 1998 to May 29, 1998 at the pediatric out patient department of a university hospital located in Suwon city. The sample consisted of 39 family members who were identified as families with asthmatic children, Eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to the group social support group and 21 were assigned to the individual social support group. Group and individual social support members were seen for 60 to 90 minutes, four times over one to three weeks. The instruments used in this study were the Burden Scale developed by Suh and Oh(1993), the Visual Analogue Scale, and the Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACES-III) developed by Olson, Portner, and Lavee(1985). The collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test, x2-test, Wilcoxon sign rank test, t-test, ANOVA(Scheff), pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and social support process and content analysis. The results are as follow ; 1. There was no significant difference before the experimental treatment among the subjects in the group social support group and individual social support group for general characteristics, burden, or family functioning. 2. Hypothesis 1 ; "There will be a greater reduction on the burden score of the group social support group compared to the individual social support group" was not statistically significant(U=174.5, p=.683). The burden scores showed a significant decrease after participation in social support as compared to before participation for both groups. However there was a tendency for more reduction in the burden scores for the group social support than for individual social support. 3. Hypothesis 2 ; "There will be a greater improvement in the family functioning scores for the group social support group compared to the individual social support group" was not statistically significant(U=153.0, p=.309). There was a tendency toward improvement in the family functioning scores of the group social support as compared to that of the individual social support. 4. According to the length of the treatment period, families with asthmatic children displayed affirmative responses, and the families set up a self-help group of mothers with asthmatic children n order to share their experiences, to get information and to solve their problems. In conclusion, it was found that group social support was the more effective nursing intervention for reducing burden and for improving family functioning of families with asthmatic children.

93 View
0 Download

Needs for Home Care Nursing in the Vulnerable Elderly: Ji Hyun Lee, Younhee Jeong, Geum Ja Park, Sook Hee Kwon; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(2):201-207. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.2.201

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the subjects' health status according to the needs of visiting health and the function of the family in home care nursing.
Sample and Method
The data collection period was from 07/01/04 to 10/31/04 and the subjects were 488 of those above 60 years of age staying at home or living alone who registered at a visiting health service of public health center at an urban area in Korea. This survey was carried out by visiting health nurses and participation was agreed on by the elderly people.
Results
The extent of the subjects' total health status to the general characteristics had differences according to the age, sex, monthly income, perceived health status, known functional disorder, and yes-or-no for disease. At all health status domains, visiting health need care in the group I was very lower than one in II, III, or IV groups. Also the severe dysfunctional family was lower than lightly dysfunctional family and normal functional family in all health status domains.
Conclusion
Nurses must provide their characteristics considered nursing intervention for the elderly who have high visiting health needs and severe dysfunctional family with vulnerable health care.

117 View
5 Download

Family Functioning and Quality of Life of the Family Care-giver in Cancer Patients: Kuem Sun Han, Soon Yong Khim, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Young Joo Park, Jeong Hwa Kim, Kwang Mi Lee, Hyun Chul Kang, Ji Won Yoon; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(6):983-991. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.6.983

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among quality of life, family coherence, family hardiness, and family resources of the family care-giver caring for a cancer patient.

Method

Data was collected by questionnaires from 137 families with a cancer patient at a General Hospital and Government Cancer Hospital. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression.

Results

The score of quality of life showed a significant positive correlation with the score of the level of family sense of coherence, family hardiness, and family resources. The most powerful predictor of quality of life was sense of coherence and the variance was 30%. A combination of sense of coherence and family resources account for 34 % of the variance in quality of life of the family care-giver caring for a cancer patient.

Conclusion

The results showed that family sense of coherence, hardiness, and family resources were significant influencing factors on the quality of life of the family care-giver caring for a cancer patient.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Do spouse burden of care, family resilience, and coping affect family function in gynecologic cancer in Korea?: a cross-sectional study
Minkyung Kim, Sukhee Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(3): 197. CrossRef
The Effect of Self-efficacy and Depression on Sense of Family Coherence in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy and Primary Caregivers in Day Care Wards: Using the Method Actor-partner Interdependence Model
Eun-Hee Do, Eun Joung Choi
Asian Oncology Nursing.2019; 19(4): 214. CrossRef
Influence of Hospital Nurse Staffing Levels on the Colorectal Cancer Evaluation Grades, Mortality, and Length of Stay
Yunmi Kim, Se Young Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(5): 479. CrossRef
The Lived Experience of Suffering of Family with Cancer Patients: Parse’s Human Becoming Research Method
Ye-Sook Choi
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2016; 19(2): 127. CrossRef
Quality of Life of Family Members Living with Cancer Patients
Hyo Jung Lee, Eun-Cheol Park, Seung Ju Kim, Sang Gyu Lee
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2015; 16(16): 6913. CrossRef
Burden and Quality of Life in Terminal Cancer Patient's Family Caregivers in the area of Jeollanam-do
Eun-Young Yang, Young A Kim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(6): 3954. CrossRef
Family Caregivers’ Quality of Life, Depression and Anxiety according to Symptom Control in Hospice Patients
Yun Hee Kim, Seung Hun Lee, Ho Seop Lim, Young Jin Choi, Yun Jin Kim, Sang Yeoup Lee, Jeong Gyu Lee, Dong Wook Jeong, Kyoung Hwa Yu
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2015; 18(4): 314. CrossRef
Posttraumatic Growth in Family Caregivers of Patients with Cancer
Soon Ock Choi
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2014; 17(1): 1. CrossRef
Relationship between Stress and Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Patient with Lung Cancer
Ju-Young Park
Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing.2010; 10(2): 129. CrossRef

139 View
2 Download
9 Crossref

Comparison of Maternal Self-esteem, Postpartal Depression, and Family Function in Mothers of Normal and of Low Birth-weight Infants: Young Mee Ahn, Jung Hyun Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(5):580-590. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.5.580

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The study investigates the degree of maternal self-esteem, postpartal depression, and family function in mothers of normal and of low birth-weight infants.

Method

A retrospective cohort design was applied to compare the variables of interest between a group of 73 mothers with normal birth weight infants and a group of 45 mothers with low birth-weight infants, using the maternal self-report inventory(MSRV), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) and Family APGAR(FAPGAR).

Result

The total mean score was 82.57 for MSRV, 8.45 for EPDS, and 6.83 for FAPGAR with no differences between two groups. A positive correlation was found between MSRV and FAPGAR, while a negative correlations between MSRV and EPDS, and FAPGAR and EPDS. Regardless of the direction of the relationship, the degrees of the correlations were stronger in low birth-weight mothers group than in normal group.

Conclusion

No differences in MSRV, EPDS and FAPGAR between the normal and the low birth-weight group considered as beneficial effects of the follow-up management which low birth-weight group was engaged in. This suggested the early intervention(follow-up) for the family with risk factor(low birth-weight) could reduce negative outcomes such as the impaired maternal self-esteem and family function, and the occurrence of postpartal depression, retrospectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Longitudinal Relationship Study of Depression and Self-Esteem in Postnatal Korean Women Using Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Modeling
Jeong-Won Han, Da-Jung Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(10): 3743. CrossRef
Effects of Kangaroo Care on Physical Development and Adaptation of External Environment of Prematurity, and Maternal Role Confidence who Delivered Premature Infants
Ji-Won Lee, Yong-Sook Eo, Jung Hwa Han
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(12): 128. CrossRef
The Correlation between Maternal Adult Attachment Style and Postpartum Depression and Parenting Stress
Sung Yong Park, Sun Mi Kim, Baik Seok Kee, Doug Hyun Han, Churl Na, Gwang Jun Kim, Min Young Park, Na Mi Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2015; 54(4): 515. CrossRef
Effects of Self Efficacy, Body Image and Family Support on Postpartum Depression in Early Postpartum Mothers
Ji-Won Lee, Yong-Sook Eo, Eun-Hye Moon
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(6): 4011. CrossRef
Effects of Music Therapy and Phone Counseling on Postpartum Depression and Maternal Identity in High Risk Women
Hae Won Kim, Sun OK Kim, Hye Gyung Kim, Hyang Ran Jeon
Perspectives in Nursing Science.2014; 11(1): 63. CrossRef
Effects of Postpartum Depression and Temperament of Infant on Child-care Stress among Mothers of Newborn Infants
Hye-Jin Kwon, Kyung-Hee Kim, Mi-Hye Choi, Ju-Yeon Cho, Young-Mi Ahn, Ki-Sook Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2011; 17(2): 69. CrossRef
A Comparative Study on the Postpartum Depression of Vietnamese Marriage Immigrant Women and Korean Women
Eun Young Choi, Eun Hee Lee, Jung Sook Choi, Sun Ha Choi
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(1): 39. CrossRef
Kangaroo Care on Premature Infant Growth and Maternal Attachment and Post-partum Depression in South Korea
H. Y. Ahn, J. Lee, H.-J. Shin
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics.2010; 56(5): 342. CrossRef
Postpartum Depressive Score and Related Factors Pre- and Post-delivery
Sun Ok Lee, Jung Hee Yeo, Suk Hee Ahn, Hyeon Sook Lee, Hyun Joo Yang, Mi Jung Han
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2010; 16(1): 29. CrossRef
Subjective Sleep Quality in Depressed and Non-Depressed Mothers During the Late Postpartum Period
Eun-Jung Cho
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2009; 15(2): 108. CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of an e-Learning Program for Mothers of Premature Infants
Nae-Young Lee, Young-Hae Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(1): 152. CrossRef

107 View
1 Download
11 Crossref

The Relationships among Loneliness, Social Support,and Family Function in Elderly Korean: Ok Soo Kim, Sung Hee Baik; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(3):425-432. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.3.425

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To examine the relationships among loneliness, social support, and family function in elderly Korean.

Method

The sample for this study were 290 elderly Korean who were at least 60 years of age. Data were collected by interview using the translated Korean versions of the Revised University of California Los Angels Loneliness Scale(RULS), Family APGAR, and Social Support Questionnaire 6.

Result

Subjects were moderately lonely and had moderately functional families. Means for social support were 1.42 for network size and 4.09 for satisfaction. Subjects who lived with their spouses had a larger number of network members than who did not live with spouses. However, living with spouses was not associated with social support satisfaction. The level of loneliness was related negatively to the level of social support network, social support satisfaction and family function in this study. Social support satisfaction and Family function were the significant predictor of loneliness.

Conclusion

The number of social supporter and satisfaction and family function should be considered in nursing intervention to decrease the level of loneliness in older adults. Further studies and efforts will be needed to reduce the level of loneliness in older adults.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A study on the determination of the factors affecting the happiness levels of older individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society
Nurşen Çomaklı Duvar, Ahmet Kamil Kabakuş, Neslihan İyit, Ömer Alkan, Boshra A. Arnout
PLOS ONE.2025; 20(1): e0316000. CrossRef
Validity and Reliability of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale Among Cancer Survivors in Korean Healthcare Contexts
Hyun-E Yeom, Jungmin Lee
Healthcare.2024; 12(24): 2535. CrossRef
Family Function, Loneliness, Emotion Regulation, and Hope in Secondary Vocational School Students: A Moderated Mediation Model
Pan Yun, Han Xiaohong, Yang Zhongping, Zhao Zhujun
Frontiers in Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of the Perception of Aging Symptoms as a Mediator and Moderator on the Relationship between Family Function and Stress in Middle-Aged Adults
Hyun-E Yeom, Kyoung Ok Ju
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(2): 175. CrossRef
Gender Difference in the Relationship Among Family Function, Health Behavior, and Stress in Midlife
Hyun-E Yeom, Jungmin Lee
The International Journal of Aging and Human Development.2020; 91(4): 476. CrossRef
Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review
Kunho Lee, Goo-Churl Jeong, JongEun Yim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 8098. CrossRef
Influence of home care services on caregivers' burden and satisfaction
Eun‐Young Kim, Hyun‐E Yeom
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2016; 25(11-12): 1683. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Suicidal Ideation of the Low-income Elderly Living Alone
Hee Chong Baek, Jinhwa Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(3): 180. CrossRef
A Study on the Patients Who Attempted Suicide with Drug Intoxication
Jung-Su Han, Seong-Woo Yun, Sung-Soo Choi
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2013; 14(4): 1863. CrossRef
Impact of Family Support and Social Support on Hopelessness among Rural Elderly People
Sun An Kim
Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development.2012; 19(3): 581. CrossRef
The effects of relationships with their children on the elderly's attitudes toward dating and remarriage
Yeong Sug Yi
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2012; 21(4): 695. CrossRef
Analysis of the Influence of Physical Function and Social Support on Depressive Symptom in the Community Elderly Using the Structural Equation Model
Eun-Sook Shin, In-Sun Kwon, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(11): 4995. CrossRef
Ageing Experiences of Nurses with Overseas Employment: Focusing on the Korean Nurses Dispatched to Germany in the 1960s and 1970s
Hack-Sun Kim, Sun-Woo Hong, Kyung-Sook Choi, Ae-Joo Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(2): 185. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Life Satisfaction of Korean Older Adults Living with Family
Sohyune R. Sok
Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2010; 36(3): 32. CrossRef
Effect of Tai Chi Exercise on Loneliness, Sleep Pattern, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Women
Young-Ju Park, In-Hyae Park
Journal of muscle and joint health.2010; 17(2): 151. CrossRef
Relationship of Peer Relationships, Perceived Parental Rearing Attitudes, Self-reported Attachment Security, to Loneliness in Upper Elementary School-age Children
So-Hyun Moon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 401. CrossRef
Quality of Life of Korean and Korean American Older Adults: A Comparison
Sook-Young Kim, Eun-Young Jeon, Sohyune R. Sok, Hye Kyung Oh, Kwuy-Bun Kim
Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2009; 35(6): 28. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Social Isolation in Older Adults using Senior Welfare Centers
Yeon-Hwan Park, Hee Sun Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 712. CrossRef
Aging, Health, and Physical Activity in Korean Americans
Kyung-Choon Lim, Jeanie S. Kayser-Jones, Catherine Waters, Grace Yoo
Geriatric Nursing.2007; 28(2): 112. CrossRef

116 View
1 Download
19 Crossref

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search