Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Original Articles

A comparison of the Effects of Intravenous Fluid Warming and Skin Surface Warming on Peri-operative Body Temperature and Acid Base Balance of Elderly Patients with Abdominal Surgery: Hyosun Park, Haesang Yoon; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(7):1061-1072. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.7.1061

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intravenous fluid warming and skin surface warming on peri-operative body temperature and acid base balance of abdominal surgical patients under general anesthesia. METHOD: Data collection was performed from January 4th, to May 31, 2004. The intravenous fluid warming(IFW) group(30 elderly patients) was warmed through an IV line by an Animec set to 37 degrees C. The skin surface warming(SSW) group(30 elderly patients) was warmed by a circulating-water blanket set to 38 degrees C under the back and a 60W heating lamp 40 cm above the chest. The warming continued from induction of general anesthesia to two hours after completion of surgery. Collected data was analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni methods. RESULTS: SSW was more effective than IFW in preventing hypothermia(p= .043), preventing a decrease of HCO3-(p= .000) and preventing base excess(p= .000) respectively. However, there was no difference in pH between the SSW and IFW(p= .401) groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that skin surface warming is more effective in preventing hypothermia, and HCO3- and base excess during general anesthesia, and returning to normal body temperature after surgery than intravenous fluid warming; however, skin surface warming wasn't able to sustain a normal body temperature in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Heated-Humidified Anesthetic Gas in the Elderly Patients with Colorectal Cancer during Laparoscopic Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial
Hyo-Sun Park, Younhee Kang
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(2): 206. CrossRef
Anesthetic Management of Transapical Off-Pump Mitral Valve Repair With NeoChord Implantation
Ali Sait Kavakli, Nilgun Kavrut Ozturk, Raif Umut Ayoglu, Mustafa Emmiler, Lutfi Ozyurek, Kerem Inanoglu, Sadik Ozmen
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia.2016; 30(6): 1587. CrossRef
Core Temperature Evaluation in Different Body Parts in Patients Undergoing Laparoscope Surgery under Total Intravenous Anesthesia*
Tae Soo Hahm, Won Ho Kim, Nam Cho Kim, Je Bog Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(4): 379. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Intraoperative Body Temperature in Surgical Patients with Laparotomy under General Anesthesia
Seohyun Lee, Haesang Yoon
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2015; 17(3): 236. CrossRef
Effects of Forced Air Warming on Body Temperature, Shivering and Pain in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients*
Sung Joo Park, Sook Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(3): 287. CrossRef
Methods of Patient Warming during Abdominal Surgery
Li Shao, Hong Zheng, Feng-Ju Jia, Hui-Qin Wang, Li Liu, Qi Sun, Meng-Ying An, Xiu-Hua Zhang, Hao Wen, Sara Cheng
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(7): e39622. CrossRef
Comparison of Antifebrile Effects of Hypothermia Blanket and Rectal Antipyretics for Infants after Open Heart Surgery
Eun-Jung Kim, Myoung-Hee Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012; 18(4): 164. CrossRef
Power Analysis in Experimental Designs with t test Analysis
Jeong-Hee Kang, Kyung-Sook Bang, Sung-Hee Ko
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2009; 15(1): 120. CrossRef

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The Effects of 30-Minutes of Pre-Warming on Core Body Temperature, Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Postoperative Shivering, and Inflammation Response in Elderly Patients with Total Hip Replacement under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial: You Mi Cheon, Haesang Yoon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(4):456-466. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.4.456

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study was designed to determine the effects of pre-warming on core body temperature (CBT) and hemodynamics from the induction of spinal anesthesia until 30 min postoperatively in surgical patients who undergo total hip replacement under spinal anesthesia. Our goal was to assess postoperative shivering and inflammatory response.

Methods

Sixty-two surgical patients were recruited by informed notice. Data for this study were collected at a 1,300-bed university hospital in Incheon, South Korea from January 15 through November 15, 2013. Data on CBT, systemic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate were measured from arrival in the pre-anesthesia room to 3 hours after the induction of spinal anesthesia. Shivering was measured for 30 minutes post-operatively. C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured pre-operatively, and 1 and 2 days postoperatively. The 62 patients were randomly allocated to an experimental group (EG), which underwent pre-warming for 30 minutes, or a control group (CG), which did not undergo pre-warming.

Results

Analysis of CBT from induction of spinal anesthesia to 3 hours after induction revealed significant interaction between group and time (F=3.85, p=.008). In addition, the incidence of shivering in the EG was lower than that in the CG (χ²=6.15, p=.013). However, analyses of SBP, heart rate, CRP, and ESR did not reveal significant interaction between time and group.

Conclusion

Pre-warming for 30 minutes is effective in increasing CBT 2 and 3 hours after induction of spinal anesthesia. In addition, pre-warming is effective in decreasing post-operative shivering.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of Prewarming on Postoperative Hypothermia, Vital Signs, and Thermal Comfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Refiye Akpolat, Sevban Arslan
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management.2024; 14(2): 89. CrossRef
Immediate fever during anaesthesia recovery after surgical procedure with scoliosis: A case report and literature review
Limin Zhou, Xiumei Cui, Guixi Mo, Jingsong Wei, Meizhen Mo, Yiyue Zhong
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2024; 121: 110027. CrossRef
Effects of Forced-Air Warming Therapy on Anxiety, Pain, and Body Temperature of Patients under Local Anesthesia during Surgery: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Jeongmin Lee, Yeojin Yi
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(2): 206. CrossRef
Effects of a preoperative forced-air warming system for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery
Yan Xiao, Rui Zhang, Na Lv, Chunmiao Hou, Chunguang Ren, Huiying Xu
Medicine.2020; 99(48): e23424. CrossRef
Physiological Factor Evaluation of the Warm Humidification of Anesthetic Gas Nursing Care
Hyosun Park, Nayeon Shin
Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2019; 6(4): 397. CrossRef
Effects of perioperative warm socks‐wearing in maintaining core body temperature of patients undergoing spinal surgery
Hui Yeon Lee, Gaeun Kim, Yeonghee Shin
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2018; 27(7-8): 1399. CrossRef

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Effects of ASPAN's Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Promotion of Hypothermia of Patients with Total Knee Replacement Arthroplasty: Je Bog Yoo, Hyun Ju Park, Ji Yeoun Chae, Eun Ju Lee, Yoo Jung Shin, Justin Sangwook Ko, Nam Cho Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(3):352-360. Published online June 28, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.3.352

Abstract PDF

Purpose

In this study an examination was done of the effects of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN) Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on body temperature, shivering, thermal discomfort, and time to achieve normothermia in patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) under spinal anesthesia.

Methods

This study was an experimental study with a randomized controlled trial design. Participants (n=60) were patients who underwent TKRA between December 2011 and March 2012. Experimental group (n=30) received active and passive warming measures as described in the ASPAN's guidelines. Control group (n=30) received traditional care. Body temperature, shivering, thermal discomfort, time to achieve normothermia were measured in both groups at 30 minute intervals.

Results

Experimental group had slightly higher body temperature compared to control group (p=.002). Thermal discomfort was higher in the experimental group before surgery but higher in the control group after surgery (p=.034). It decreased after surgery (p=.041) in both groups. Time to achieve normothermia was shorter in the experimental group (p=.010).

Conclusion

ASPAN's guidelines provide guidance on measuring patient body temperature at regular intervals and on individualized and differentiated hypothermia management which can be very useful in nursing care, particularly in protecting patient safety and improving quality of nursing.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of the ASPAN Guideline on Perioperative Hypothermia Among Patients With Upper Extremity Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Sookyung Kang, Soohyun Park
Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.2020; 35(3): 298. CrossRef
Patient Care Interventions to Reduce the Risk of Surgical Site Infections
Kari L. Love
AORN Journal.2016; 104(6): 506. CrossRef
Effects of Forced Air Warming on Body Temperature, Shivering and Pain in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients*
Sung Joo Park, Sook Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(3): 287. CrossRef
Use of Web-Based Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Patients following Gastrectomy: Effects on Body Temperature, Shivering, Perceived Thermal Comfort, and Satisfaction with Temperature Management
Sung-Jung Hong, Eunjoo Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2014; 21(2): 112. CrossRef
Interventions for treating inadvertent postoperative hypothermia
Sheryl Warttig, Phil Alderson, Gillian Campbell, Andrew F Smith
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2014;[Epub] CrossRef

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Accuracy, Precision, and Validity of Fever Detection using Non-invasive Temperature Measurement in Adult Coronary Care Unit Patients with Pulmonary Catheters: Gaeul Joo, Kyeong-Yae Sohng; J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(3):424-433. Published online June 29, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.424

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To investigate the accuracy, precision and validity of fever detection of tympanic membrane (TM), temporal artery (TA) and axillary temperature (AT) compared with pulmonary artery temperature (PA).

Methods

Repeated-measures design was conducted for one year on 83 adult cardiac care unit patients with pulmonary artery catheters after open heart surgery. Sequential temperature measurements were taken three times at 20-minute intervals. Accuracy, precision, repeatability, and validity of fever detection were analyzed.

Results

Mean pulmonary artery temperature was 37.04℃ (SD 0.70℃). The mean (SD) offsets from PA, with the mean reflecting accuracy and SD reflecting precision, were -1.31℃ (0.75℃) for TA, -0.20℃ (0.24℃) for TM, and -0.97℃ (0.64℃) for AT. Percentage of pairs with differences within ±0.5℃ was 9.6% for TA, 19.7% for AT, and 91.6% for TM. Repeated measurements with all three methods had mean SD values within 0.04℃. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of tympanic measurements were 0.76, 1.0, and 1.0, and 0.90, respectively.

Conclusion

Results show that TM best reflects PA, and is most consistent, accurate, and precise. AT tends to underestimate PA, and TA is least accurate and precise. Therefore tympanic membrane measurement is a reliable alternative to other non-invasive methods of measuring temperatures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Axillary temperature measurements based on smart wearable thermometers in South Korean children: comparison with tympanic temperature measurements
Younglee Choi, Hye Young Ahn
Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(1): 62. CrossRef
Smart Patch for Skin Temperature: Preliminary Study to Evaluate Psychometrics and Feasibility
Heejung Kim, Sunkook Kim, Mingoo Lee, Yumie Rhee, Sungho Lee, Yi-Rang Jeong, Sunju Kang, Muhammad Naqi, Soyun Hong
Sensors.2021; 21(5): 1855. CrossRef
Core Temperature Evaluation in Different Body Parts in Patients Undergoing Laparoscope Surgery under Total Intravenous Anesthesia*
Tae Soo Hahm, Won Ho Kim, Nam Cho Kim, Je Bog Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(4): 379. CrossRef

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3 Crossref

The Effect of Pre-warming for Patients under Abdominal Surgery on Body Temperature, Anxiety, Pain, and Thermal Comfort: Ok Bun Park, Heejung Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(3):317-325. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.3.317

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pre-warming on body temperature, anxiety, pain, and thermal comfort.

Methods

Forty patients who were scheduled for abdominal surgery were recruited as study participants and were assigned to the experimental or control group. For the experimental group, a forced air warmer was applied for 45-90 min (M=68.25, SD=15.50) before surgery. Body temperature and anxiety were measured before and after the experiment, but pain and thermal comfort were assessed only after the surgery. Hypotheses were tested using t-test and repeated measured ANOVA.

Results

The experimental group showed higher body temperature than the control group from right before induction to two hours after surgery. Post-operative anxiety and pain in the experimental group were less than those of the control group. In addition, the score of thermal comfort was significantly higher in the experiment group.

Conclusion

Pre-warming is effective in maintaining body temperature, lowering sensitivity to pain and anxiety, and promoting thermal comfort. Therefore, pre-warming can be recommended as a preoperative nursing intervention.

Citations

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The Relationship of Perioperative Inadvertent Hypothermia with Anxiety and Comfort
Zehra Bozkurt, Özlem Şahin Akboğa
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management.2025; 15(1): 31. CrossRef
Barriers and Solutions in Implementing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Prevent Intraoperative Inadvertent Hypothermia: A Qualitative Study
Ozlem Sahin Akboga, Yesım Dikmen Aydin
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management.2024; 14(4): 282. CrossRef
Effects of Active Heating Methods on Body Temperature, Shivering, Thermal Comfort, Pain, Nausea and Vomiting During General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Özlem Şahin Akboğa, Aysel Gürkan
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management.2024; 14(4): 269. CrossRef
Effect of Active and Passive Heating Methods Used in Different Areas of Perioperative Processes on Thermal Comfort and Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial
Pınar TUNÇ TUNA, Şerife KURŞUN, İnci KARA
Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences.2022; 6(1): 225. CrossRef
Influence of Gas Pain, Post-operative Resilience, and Body Temperature Discomfort in Laparoscopic Myomectomy Patients after Thermotherapy
JeongAe Lee, MyoungHwa Jeon, EunJu Park, JinAh Lee, GonMyoung Ahn, SeungShin Lee, JiIn Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(1): 4. CrossRef
Do Warmed Blankets Change Pain, Agitation, Mood or Analgesic Use Among Nursing Home Residents?
Christine R. Kovach, Michelle Putz, Barbara Guslek, Robert McInnes
Pain Management Nursing.2019; 20(6): 526. CrossRef
Forced-Air Warming for Rewarming and Comfort Following Laparoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trail
Hsiao-Chi Nieh, Shu-Fen Su
Clinical Nursing Research.2018; 27(5): 540. CrossRef
Effects of Forced Air Warming on Body Temperature, Shivering and Pain in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients*
Sung Joo Park, Sook Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(3): 287. CrossRef
Evaluating of Validity on Peri-operative Hypothermia Management Evidence Based Guideline
Sung-Jung Hong, Eunjoo Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(1): 331. CrossRef
The Effect of Hand Holding and Nei-Guan Acupressure on Anxiety and Pain under Local Anesthetic Patients during Surgery
Sun Hee Park, Hee Jung Jang
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2014; 14(11): 378. CrossRef
Effects of ASPAN's Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Promotion of Hypothermia of Patients with Total Knee Replacement Arthroplasty
Je Bog Yoo, Hyun Ju Park, Ji Yeoun Chae, Eun Ju Lee, Yoo Jung Shin, Justin Sangwook Ko, Nam Cho Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(3): 352. CrossRef
Effect of Pre-warming on Reducing the Incidence of Inadvertent Peri-operative Hypothermia for Patients Undergoing General Anaesthesia: A Mini-review
Lucie Llewellyn
British Journal of Anaesthetic and Recovery Nursing.2013; 14(1-2): 3. CrossRef

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