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Development and Validation of the Self-Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention Scale in the Community Dwelling Elderly with Risk of Dysphasia
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Eun Young Yang, Shin-Young Lee
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):474-486. Published online June 30, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20041
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Abstract
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- Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Korean version of the Self-Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention(SCAPP-K) scale in older adults at risk of dysphasia. Methods The Hertz and Baas model of scale development and validation was used. Inthe development stage, items were generated via literature review and interviews with medical experts, older adults, and caregivers. Tenexperts assessed the items for content validity. Subsequently, 12 older adults participated in a pilot test to determine the comprehensibilityand appropriateness of the SCAPP-K scale. The validation stage involved a cross-sectional survey with 203 older adults for exploratoryfactor analysis (EFA) and 200 older adults for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and to determine convergent and discriminant validity. Totest the validity and reliability of the scale, EFA using principal component analysis with varimax rotation and CFA were conducted, andconvergent and discriminant validity as well as internal consistency reliability were determined. Results As a result of EFA, three self-carefactors (knowledge, resources, behaviors) with 21 items were validated. The CFA and convergent and discriminant validity indicated theapplicability of the three-factor self-care scale. The reliability of the SCAPP-K scale was acceptable, with Cronbach’s a=.87~.91. Conclusion The SCAPP-K scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can contribute to clinical practice, research, and education to improveself-care for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia in older adults at risk of dysphasia.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Cause-specific mortality in Korea during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Jinwook Bahk, Kyunghee Jung-Choi Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022110. CrossRef - Translation of the Chinese version of the Self‐Care for Aspiration Pneumonia Prevention Scale and its validation among Chinese community dwelling elderly with risk of dysphasia
Zhen Yang, Fengmin Chen, Yibo Zhang, Sien Pan, Yingying Lu, Huijun Zhang Nursing Open.2022; 9(3): 1902. CrossRef - Development and validation of a self-care scale for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery: the HFS-SC
Eun-Jeong Jeon, Kyeong-Yae Sohng, Hye-Ah Yeom BMC Nursing.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Study on the characterization, biocompatibility and efficacy of sponge brush products for oral care
Song-Yi Yang, Ji-Won Choi, Sang-Hwan Oh Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2021; 48(1): 27. CrossRef
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Cross-cultural Validation of Instruments Measuring Health Beliefs about Colorectal Cancer Screening among Korean Americans
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Shin-Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(1):129-138. Published online February 27, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.1.129
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Abstract
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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to report the instrument modification and validation processes to make existing health belief model scales culturally appropriate for Korean Americans (KAs) regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization.
Methods
Instrument translation, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews were conducted during the instrument modification phase, and a pilot test and a cross-sectional survey were conducted during the instrument validation phase. Data analyses of the cross-sectional survey included internal consistency and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results
The main issues identified during the instrument modification phase were (a) cultural and linguistic translation issues and (b) newly developed items reflecting Korean cultural barriers. Cross-sectional survey analyses during the instrument validation phase revealed that all scales demonstrate good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=.72~.88). Exploratory factor analysis showed that susceptibility and severity loaded on the same factor, which may indicate a threat variable. Items with low factor loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis may relate to (a) lack of knowledge about fecal occult blood testing and (b) multiple dimensions of the subscales.
Conclusion
Methodological, sequential processes of instrument modification and validation, including translation, individual interviews, expert reviews, pilot testing and a cross-sectional survey, were provided in this study. The findings indicate that existing instruments need to be examined for CRC screening research involving KAs.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Influencing factors of colonoscopy screening in first-degree relatives of hospitalized colorectal cancer patients and preliminary clinical practices to improve the compliance
Dongqin Zhao, Fan He, Chen Luo, Huanhuan Huang, Qinghua Zhao Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the health belief model scale for colorectal cancer screening
Ferdane Koçoğlu, Mesut Teleş, Semra Kocaöz BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Predictive factors based on the health belief model on cancer screening behaviour in first degree relatives of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer
Jiaojiao Gu, Shumin Jia, Huaxiang Chao, Tinglan Chen, Xiaodan Wu International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2023; 10(2): 251. CrossRef - Perceived barriers and benefits in the participation in faecal occult blood test colorectal cancer screening programme
Martín Menéndez Rodríguez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2023; 46(3): 185. CrossRef - Perceived barriers and benefits in the participation in faecal occult blood test colorectal cancer screening programme
Martín Menéndez Rodríguez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2023; 46(3): 185. CrossRef - Validación al castellano del cuestionario Rawl de cribado de cáncer colorrectal con sangre oculta en heces
Martín Menéndez Rodríguez, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Natalia García Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Noel Pin Vieito, Pablo Vega Villaamil, Agustín Montes Martínez, Joaquín Cubiella Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2022; 45(2): 106. CrossRef - Rawl’s questionnaire Spanish validation for colorectal cancer screening with faecal occult blood testing
Martín Menéndez Rodríguez, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Natalia García Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Noel Pin Vieito, Pablo Vega Villaamil, Agustín Montes Martínez, Joaquín Cubiella Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2022; 45(2): 106. CrossRef - Cross-Cultural Instrument Adaptation and Validation of Health Beliefs About Cancer Screening
Fang Lei, Wei-Ti Chen, Mary-Lynn Brecht, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Eunice Lee Cancer Nursing.2022; 45(5): 387. CrossRef - Effect of Health Belief Model on the Participation in FOBT CRC Screening Programme: Case/Control Study
Martín Menéndez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella SSRN Electronic Journal .2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Cross-Cultural Modification Strategies for Instruments Measuring Health Beliefs About Cancer Screening: Systematic Review
Fang Lei, Eunice Lee JMIR Cancer.2021; 7(4): e28393. CrossRef - Adaptation and validation of the health belief model scale for colorectal cancer screening
Shin‐Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee, Young Sun Rhee, Eun Young Yang, Jeong Ha Shin, Seonah Lee Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(2): 355. CrossRef - Enriching the quality of cross‐cultural instrument development through cognitive interviewing: Implications for nursing research
Min Kyeong Jang, Sue Kim, Eileen G. Collins, Lauretta T. Quinn, Chang G. Park, Carol E. Ferrans Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Validation of Family Management Measure for the Brazilian culture
Regina Szylit Bousso, Carolliny Rossi de Faria Ichikawa, Maira Deguer Misko, Maiara Rodrigues dos Santos, Michelle Freire Baliza, Ana Márcia Chiaradia Mendes-Castillo, Estela Regina Ferraz Bianchi Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2017; 70(6): 1151. CrossRef
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