Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Jin Sook Kim

3 Articles

Development and Validation of the New Version of Spirituality Assessment Scale: Il-Sun Ko, Soyoung Choi, Jin Sook Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):132-146. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.132

Abstract Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to develop a new version of Spirituality Assessment Scale (N-SAS) and verify its reliability and validity.

Methods:

The total of 59 preliminary items for the N-SAS were selected through a literature review, two rounds of experts’ content validation, cognitive interviews, and pre-tests. Verification of its reliability and validity was divided into two phases. In Phase I, questionnaires were collected from 219 adults. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, validity with item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis. In Phase II, questionnaires developed based on the results of Phase I were collected from 225 adults. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, validity with confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion validity.

Results:

The final version of the N-SAS comprised two dimensions (vertical and horizontal), four domains (relationship with God; meaning of life and self-integration; self-transcendence; and relationship with others, neighborhoods, and nature), and 44 items were identified. Total Cronbach’s α was .97; those of each subscale ranged from .79 to .98. N-SAS scores were positively correlated with the scores of Howden’s Spiritual Assessment Scale (r=.81, p<.001).

Conclusion

Findings suggest that the N-SAS can be used to measure spirituality in adults. The use of N-SAS is expected to facilitate perceiving patient’s spiritual needs and providing spiritual care.

Citations

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Corrigendum: Evolutionary Concept Analysis of Spirituality: Il Sun Ko, So Young Choi, Jin Sook Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(5):712-712. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.5.712

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Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Proposing a conceptual framework of spiritual care competence for Chinese nurses
Yuling Cao, Wipada Kunaviktikul, Marcia Petrini, Acharaporn Sripusanapan
Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(3): 498. CrossRef

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Evolutionary Concept Analysis of Spirituality: Il Sun Ko, So Young Choi, Jin Sook Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(2):242-256. Published online April 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.242

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Purpose

This study was done to clarify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of spirituality.

Methods

Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis was used to analyze fifty seven studies from the literature related to spirituality as it appears in systematic literature reviews of theology, medicine, counseling & psychology, social welfare, and nursing.

Results

Spirituality was found to consist of two dimensions and eight attributes: 1) vertical dimension: ‘intimacy and connectedness with God’ and ‘holy life and belief’, 2) horizontal dimension: ‘self-transcendence’, ‘meaning and purpose in life’, ‘self-integration’, and ‘self-creativity’ in relationship with self, ‘connectedness’ and ‘trust’ in relationship with others·neighbors·nature. Antecedents of spirituality were socio-demographic, religious, psychological, and health related characteristics. Consequences of spirituality were positive and negative. Being positive included ‘life centered on God’ in vertical dimension, and among horizontal dimension ‘joy’, ‘hope’, ‘wellness’, ‘inner peace’, and ‘self-actualization’ in relationship with self, ‘doing in love’ and ‘extended life toward neighbors and the world’ in relationship with others·neighbors·nature. Being negative was defined as having ‘guilt’, ‘inner conflict’, ‘loneliness’, and ‘spiritual distress’. Facilitators of spirituality were stressful life events and experiences.

Conclusion

Spirituality is a multidimensional concept. Unchangeable attributes of spirituality are ‘connectedness with God’, ‘self-transcendence’, ‘meaning of life’ and ‘connectedness with others·nature’. Unchangeable consequences of spirituality are ‘joy’ and ‘hope’. The findings suggest that the dimensional framework of spirituality can be used to assess the current spiritual state of patients. Based on these results, the development of a Korean version of the scale measuring spirituality is recommended.

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Development and Validation of the New Version of Spirituality Assessment Scale
Il-Sun Ko, Soyoung Choi, Jin Sook Kim
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