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Effects of a 1-day versus 3-day low-residue diet on bowel preparation quality, colonoscopy outcomes, dietary adherence, and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial
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Hyesu Kim, Ae Kyung Chang
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Received May 14, 2026 Accepted July 28, 2026 Published online August 19, 2026
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.26078
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 Abstract
 ePub
- Purpose
This study compared the effects of 1-day and 3-day low-residue diet (LRD) regimens on bowel preparation quality, adenoma and polyp detection rates, dietary adherence, and patient satisfaction among patients undergoing colonoscopy.
Methods
This randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023 and was registered as KCT0008463. A total of 153 participants were assigned to the experimental group (1-day LRD, n=77) or the control group (3-day LRD, n=76). Both groups received a 1-L split-dose polyethylene glycol solution for bowel cleansing. Outcomes included Boston Bowel Preparation Scale scores, adenoma and polyp detection rates, dietary adherence, and satisfaction with the preparation process. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results
No significant between-group differences were observed in bowel preparation quality (Z=−0.10, p=.919), adenoma detection rate (χ2=0.16, p=.690), or polyp detection rate (χ2=0.55, p=.460). However, the experimental group had significantly higher dietary adherence (χ2=5.52, p=.019) and overall satisfaction (Z=−2.76, p=.006). Willingness to repeat the same preparation method did not differ significantly between groups (χ2=0.02, p=.877).
Conclusion
A 1-day LRD regimen showed bowel preparation quality and lesion detection outcomes comparable to those of the conventional 3-day regimen, while improving dietary adherence and overall satisfaction. These findings provide practical evidence to support pre-colonoscopy nursing education and patient-centered bowel preparation.
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