REFERENCES

• 1. Bruunsgaard H, Pedersen BK. Effects of exercise on the immune system in the elderly population. Immunol Cell Biol. 2000;78:523–531.ArticlePubMedPDF
• 2. Buckley J. Massage and aromatherapy massage: Nursing art and science. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2002;8:276–280.ArticlePubMed
• 3. Byeon YS, Lee JI. Reliability and validity tests for the Fatigue Assessment Instrument (FAI). J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs. 2004;11:220–225.
• 4. Cha JH, Lee SH, Yoo YS. Effects of aromatherapy on changes in the autonomic nervous system, aortic pulse wave velocity and aortic augmentation index in patients with essential hypertension. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010;40:705–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.705.ArticlePubMed
• 5. Cho HK. The change of agricultural labor participation and decision-making involvement of rural women in Korea -from 1960s to 1990s. J Korean Home Manage Assoc. 2002;20(1):75–86.
• 6. Choi IR. Effects of aromatherapy massage on pain, physical function, sleep disturbance and depression in elderly women with osteoarthritis. Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2006;12:168–176.ArticlePDF
• 7. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:385–396.ArticlePubMed
• 8. Cooksley VG. Aromatherapy: A lifetime guide to healing with the Essential oils. 2001;New Jersey, Prentice Hall Press.
• 9. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology. 2000;10th ed. Pennsylvania, W. B. Saunders.
• 10. Ha YS, Jeong GH, Kim SJ. Relationships between perceived stress during the maternal role attainment process and health-promoting lifestyle practice. Nurs Sci. 1990;2:23–47.
• 11. Han MA, Kim KS, Park J, Ryu SY, Kang MG. Psychosocial stress levels and related factors in some rural residents. J Agric Med Community Health. 2008;33:46–58.Article
• 12. Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ. Immunobiology. 2001;5th ed. New York, Garland Science.
• 13. Jang SH, Kim KH. Effects of self-foot reflexology on stress, fatigue and blood circulation in premenopausal middle-aged women. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2009;39:662–672. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.5.662.ArticlePubMed
• 14. Jung YJ. Effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure, heart rate variability, and serum catecholamines in the pre-hypertension middle aged women. 2007;Seoul, The Catholic University of Korea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
• 15. Korea National Statistical Office. Population projections for Korea. 2006;Retrieved November, 21, 2006. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/2/2/6/index.board?bmode=read&bSeq=&aSeq=64678&pageNo=2&rowNum=10&navCount=10&currPg=&sTarget=title&sTxt=.
• 16. Korea National Statistical Office. Agriculture and fishery corporation survey. 2010;Retrieved March, 29, 2011. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/2/7/2/index.board?bmode=read&bSeq=&aSeq=246248&pageNo=1&rowNum=10&navCount=10&currPg=&sTarget=title&sTxt=.
• 17. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping. 1984;New York, Springer Publishing. Co.
• 18. Lee SH, Kim YR. Effects of foot massage therapy with essential oil application to stress and attention index brain wave. J Korean Soc Beauty Art. 2011;12(3):119–129.
• 19. Lee YM. Effect of self-foot reflexology massage on depression, stress reponses and immune functions of middle aged women. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2006;36:179–189.ArticlePDF
• 20. Lee YM. Effects of self-foot reflexology on stress, fatigue, skin temperature and immune response in female undergraduate students. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2011;41:110–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.1.110.ArticlePubMed
• 21. Lim GS, Kim CN. A cross-sectional study on fatigue and self-reported physical symptoms of vinylhouse farmers. Korean J Rural Med. 2003;28:15–29.
• 22. Mackey BT. Massage therapy and reflexology awareness. Nurs Clin North Am. 2001;36:159–170.ArticlePubMed
• 23. Marcotte H, Lavoie MC. Oral microbial ecology and the role of salivary immunoglobulin A. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998;62:71–109.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
• 24. Matthews DA, Manu P, Lane TJ. Evaluation and management of patients with chronic fatigue. Am J Med Sci. 1991;302:269–277.ArticlePubMed
• 25. Oh SJ. Self-massage on hands and feet. 1997;Seoul, Sam Sa Dang.
• 26. Oleson T, Flocco W. Randomized controlled study of premenstrual symptoms treated with ear, hand, and foot reflexology. Obstet Gynecol. 1993;82:906–911.ArticlePubMed
• 27. Schwartz JE, Jandorf L, Krupp LB. The measurement of fatigue: A new instrument. J Psychosom Res. 1993;37:753–762.ArticlePubMed
• 28. Sung MH. Self-reported climacteric symptoms, self concept and depression in middle-aged women. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs. 2002;14:102–113.
• 29. Yang HJ, Kang HY, Kim IS. The effects of aroma foot reflex massage on sleep, depression and problem behaviors on elderly with dementia. Korean J Adult Nurs. 2011;23:574–583.
• 30. Yang JH. A study on health behavior experience of middle-aged women in rural area. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2002;32:694–705.ArticlePDF

Table 1

Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics (N=52)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Fisher's exact test.

Table 2

Homogeneity Test of Pretest Dependent Variables (N=52)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; SBP=Systolic blood pressure; DBP=Diastolic blood pressure.

Table 3

Changes in Stress, Immune Response(Salivary IgA), and Fatigue Before and After Aroma Self-foot Reflexology Massage (N=52)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; SBP=Systolic blood pressure; DBP=Diastolic blood pressure.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• The Effect of Short-term Inhalation of Fir Essential Oil on Autonomic Nervous Activity in Middle-aged Women
  Choyun Kim, Gayoung Lee, Chorong Song
  EXPLORE.2023; 19(6): 820.     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-acupunctural Hand Massage Using Aromatic Oil on Alleviating the Stress, Fatigue, and Vital Signs of Korean Middle-Aged Women
  Yi Kyun Park, Jung Hee Kim, Min Kyung Gu, Myoung Hee Hwang, Hyon Shin Park, Eunji Yim, Sohyune R. Sok
  Holistic Nursing Practice.2022; 36(4): 247.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Aromatherapy on Ameliorating Fatigue in Adults: A Meta-Analysis
  Qiuting Wang, Lin Wei, Yueming Luo, Lijun Lin, Chong Deng, Ping Hu, Lijia Zhu, Yangchen Liu, Meizhen Lin, Azizah Ugusman
  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
• Effect of foot reflexology on chest pain and anxiety in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A double blind randomized clinical trial
  Saeedeh Sayari, Monir Nobahar, Raheb Ghorbani
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2021; 42: 101296.     CrossRef
• Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression in gynaecologic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial
  Gie Ok Noh, Kyung Sook Park
  European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2019; 42: 82.     CrossRef
• Effects of aromatherapy on stress, fructosamine, fatigue, and sleep quality in prediabetic middle-aged women: A randomised controlled trial
  Myung-Haeng Hur, Jun Hwa Hong, SeongHee Yeo
  European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2019; 31: 100978.     CrossRef
• Aromatherapy massage versus reflexology on female elderly with acute coronary syndrome
  Tahereh Bahrami, Nahid Rejeh, Majideh Heravi‐Karimooi, Mojtaba Vaismoradi, Seyed Davood Tadrisi, Christina L Sieloff
  Nursing in Critical Care.2018; 23(5): 229.     CrossRef
• The effects of aroma massage and foot bath on psychophysiological response in stroke patients
  Jeong Hoon Lee, Eun Kyung Seo, Jae Soon Shim, Sung Pil Chung
  Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2017; 29(8): 1292.     CrossRef
• Effect of aromatherapy massage on anxiety, depression, and physiologic parameters in older patients with the acute coronary syndrome: A randomized clinical trial
  Tahereh Bahrami, Nahid Rejeh, Majideh Heravi‐ Karimooi, Mojtaba Vaismoradi, Seyed Davood Tadrisi, Christina Sieloff
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-Foot Reflexology on the Stress, Fatigue and Sleep Pattern of the Nursing Students
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(2): 386.     CrossRef
• Effects of Auricular Acupressure Therapy on Primary Dysmenorrhea for Female High School Students in South Korea
  Nam Hyun Cha, Sohyune R. Sok
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2016; 48(5): 508.     CrossRef
• Effects of Aroma Foot Bath on Urination Status and Stress related to Urination in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
  Kye Ha Kim, Eun Ha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(3): 213.     CrossRef
• Effects of Aromatherapy on Menopausal Symptoms, Perceived Stress and Depression in Middle-aged Women: A Systematic Review
  Shinmi Kim, Ji-Ah Song, Mi-Eun Kim, Myung-Haeng Hur
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(5): 619.     CrossRef
• Effects of Foot-Reflexology Massage on Fatigue, Stress and Postpartum Depression in Postpartum Women
  Mi Son Choi, Eun Ja Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(4): 587.     CrossRef
• Effect of self-administered foot reflexology for symptom management in healthy persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Hyun Jin Song, Heejeong Son, Hyun-Ju Seo, Heeyoung Lee, Sun Mi Choi, Sanghun Lee
  Complementary Therapies in Medicine.2015; 23(1): 79.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Aroma Inhalation Method with Roll-on in Occupation Stress, Depression and Sleep in Female Manufacture Shift Workers
  Hyun-Mi Oh, Geum-Sook Jung, Ja Ok Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(5): 2903.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Aroma Inhalation Method with a Roll-on on Life Stress, Salivary Cortisol and Fatigue in Nursing Student
  In-Sook Kim, Seung-Ju Kang, Ja-Ok Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(12): 7214.     CrossRef